Finite element modeling has emerged as an essential tool in understanding the complex biomechanics of the middle ear. By discretising the intricate anatomical structures—such as the tympanic membrane ...
The World Health Organization reports that 360 million people worldwide are affected by hearing loss, generally caused by disease, accidents or damage to middle-ear structures. Researchers at ...
The tympanic cavity was accessed through the mastoid process. The facial nerve was removed while the posterior wall of the external auditory canal was preserved. The integrity, continuity, and ...
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