Iron and its alloys, such as steel and cast iron, dominate the modern world, and there's growing demand for iron-derived products. Traditionally, blast furnaces transform iron ore into purified ...

Steel is the backbone of modern civilization—used in everything from buildings and bridges to cars and appliances. On the other hand, steelmaking is one of the world’s largest sources of carbon ...

Lithium batteries power much of our modern engineering, including smartphones, electric vehicles, pacemakers, and industrial aircraft. Unfortunately, the process of extracting lithium from the Earth ...

It’s the shape and porosity, not the size, of metal oxide particles that matter for efficiency in electrochemical ironmaking. Iron and its alloys, such as steel and cast iron, dominate the modern ...