The idea of this paper is to approach linear orderings as generalized ordinals and to study how they are made from their initial segments. First we look at how the equality of two linear orderings can ...

The problem of stable computation by forward and backward recursion on three-term, linear, nonhomogeneous recursion relations is outlined. The backward recursive theory is applied to integrals ...

The Nature Index 2025 Research Leaders — previously known as Annual Tables — reveal the leading institutions and countries/territories in the natural and health sciences, according to their output in ...